Improving precision of Pi of the Sky photometric measurements

M. Siudek1*, K. Małek1, L. Mankiewicz1, R. Opiela1, M. Sokołowski2 A. F. Źarnecki 3
1Centre for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
3Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland

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Abstract

Pi of the Sky is a system of robotic telescopes designed for observations of short timescale astrophysical phenomena, like prompt optical GRB emission. The apparatus is designed to monitor a large fraction of the sky with 12m - 13m range and time resolution of the order of 1 – 10 seconds. All measurements taken by the Pi of the Sky detector located in Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) in Chile are available on the Pi of the Sky website through a dedicated interface which also allows to download the selected data. Pi of the Sky database from period 2006 - 2009 contains more than 2 billions measurements of almost 17 millions of objects. In order to facilitate analysis of variable stars we have developed a system of dedicated filters to remove bad measurements or frames. They are needed to remove measurements affected by detector imperfections (hot pixels, measurement close to CCD edge, background due to opened shutter) or observation conditions (planet or planetoid passage, moon halo). With approximate color calibration algorithm taking into account appropriate corrections based on the spectral type of reference stars the photometry algorithm can be improved further. This process is illustrated by the analysis of the BG Ind system where we have been able to reduce the total systematic uncertainty to about 0.05 magnitudes.



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Keywords : Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) – prompt optical emissions – optical flashes – variable stars – robotic telescopes – photometry